1) What is Memory?
It’s a device used to store the data and instructions required for any operation.
2) Give the types of memory.
1. Cache memory, 2. Main memory, 3. Secondary memory, 4. CPU Register memory.
3) What is bandwidth?
The maximum amount of information that can be transferred to or from the memory per unit time is called bandwidth.
4) What is seek time?
The average time to move a head from one track to another.
5) Define Rotational latency.
The time taken to move the read write head to a particular sector.
6)What is access time?
The average time to read a fixed amount of information from the memory.
7) Define page fault.
If the processor access for the particular page in main memory and if the page is not present there then it is known as page fault.
8) What is demand paging?
The techniques relating to the processor demanding a particular page is termed as demand paging.
9) What is address translation?
The conversion of virtual address to physical address is termed as address translation.
10) Define a cache.
It’s a small fast intermediate memory between the processor and the main memory.
11) State the use of cache.
It is used to increase the computation speed of the processor.
12) Give the mapping techniques of cache.
Direct mapping, Fully associative, Two way set associative.
13) Define mapping functions.
The correspondence of memory blocks in cache with the memory blocks in the main memory is defined as mapping functions.
14) State some page replacements algorithms.
FIFO, LRU, LFU, MFU, Optimal etc..
15) State the types of interrupts.
Internal, External, Software.
16) Define a hit.
When the cpu refers to memory and finds a required word in cache it is termed as hit.
17) Define a miss.
When the cpu refers to memory and if the required word is not found in cache it is termed as miss.
18) Define hit ratio.
The ratio of the number of hits divided by the total CPU references to memory is the hit ratio.
19) What is programmed I/O?
If all the I/O operations are totally controlled by the CPU then such a system is said to be using programmed I/O.
20) State the two interfacing techniques.
1. Memory mapped I/O.
2. I/O mapped I/O.
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